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Kate Hunt, Ashley Brown, Douglas Eadie, Nicola McMeekin, Kathleen Boyd, Linda Bauld, Philip Conaglen, Peter Craig, Evangelia Demou, Alastair Leyland, Jill Pell, Richard Purves, Emily Tweed, Tom Byrne, Ruaraidh Dobson, Lesley Graham, Danielle Mitchell, Rachel O’Donnell, Helen Sweeting & Sean Semple.

Kate Hunt ^1,*, Ashley Brown ¹, Douglas Eadie ¹, Nicola McMeekin ², Kathleen Boyd ², Linda Bauld ³, Philip Conaglen ⁴, Peter Craig ⁵, Evangelia Demou ⁵, Alastair Leyland ⁵, Jill Pell ², Richard Purves ¹, Emily Tweed ⁵, Tom Byrne ⁶, Ruaraidh Dobson ¹, Lesley Graham ⁶, Danielle Mitchell ¹, Rachel O’Donnell ¹, Helen Sweeting ⁵, Sean Semple ¹

¹ Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
² Institute for Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
³ Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
⁴ Department of Public Health and Health Policy, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
⁵ MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
⁶ Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
^* Corresponding author Email: kate.hunt@stir.ac.uk

Declared competing interests of authors: Linda Bauld is chairperson, and Kate Hunt, Sean Semple and Helen Sweeting are members of the Research and Evaluation Sub-Group of the Scottish Ministerial Working Group on Tobacco. Helen Sweeting was chairperson of the Scottish Tobacco-free Alliance Research Group (2012–20) and a member of the Action on Smoking and Health (ASH) Scotland Board (2017–20) and Policy and Development Sub-Committee (2013–20). Helen Sweeting was also a Tobacco-free Alliance Council Member (2015–20). Kate Hunt was a member of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) COVID-19 Recovery and Learning Committee (2020) and a member of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Population and Systems Medicine Board (2015–19). Linda Bauld is a member of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research (PHR) Research Funding Board. Peter Craig reports grants from the NIHR and from the MRC during the conduct of the study. Alastair Leyland is a member of the Global Health Policy and Systems Research Funding Committee and reports grants from the MRC and Chief Scientist Office during the conduct of the study. Emily Tweed is funded by the Medical Research Council (grants MC_UU_12017/13 and MC_UU_12017/15) and by the Chief Scientist Office (grants SPHSU13, SPHSU15 and CAF/17/11). Evangelia Demou’s contribution was part-funded through grants from the Medical Research Council and Chief Scientist Office (MC_UU_12017/12; SPHSU12; MC/PC/13027 partnership grant). Inclusion of data on nicotine-related spend by people in custody through the prison shop (‘canteen’) was made possible through analysis funded by a grant from Cancer Research UK (C45874/A27016), which was received by Ashley Brown, Kate Hunt, Helen Sweeting, Linda Bauld, Richard Purves and Douglas Eadie. Kathleen Boyd reports grants from the NIHR Health and Social Care Delivery Research programme, NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme and Cancer Research UK (London, UK) outside the submitted work.