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Julie Bruce, Anower Hossain, Ranjit Lall, Emma J Withers, Susanne Finnegan, Martin Underwood, Chen Ji, Chris Bojke, Roberta Longo, Claire Hulme, Susie Hennings, Ray Sheridan, Katharine Westacott, Shvaita Ralhan, Finbarr Martin, John Davison, Fiona Shaw, Dawn A Skelton, Jonathan Treml, Keith Willett & Sarah E Lamb.

Julie Bruce ¹, Anower Hossain ^1,2, Ranjit Lall ¹, Emma J Withers ¹, Susanne Finnegan ¹, Martin Underwood ¹, Chen Ji ¹, Chris Bojke ³, Roberta Longo ³, Claire Hulme ⁴, Susie Hennings ¹, Ray Sheridan ⁵, Katharine Westacott ⁶, Shvaita Ralhan ⁷, Finbarr Martin ⁸, John Davison ⁹, Fiona Shaw ⁹, Dawn A Skelton ¹⁰, Jonathan Treml ¹¹, Keith Willett ¹², Sarah E Lamb ^1,4,13,*

¹ Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Division of Health Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
² Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
³ Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
⁴ College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
⁵ General Medicine/Care of the Elderly, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
⁶ Elderly Care Department, Warwick Hospital, South Warwickshire NHS Foundation Trust, Warwick, UK
⁷ Gerontology Department, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
⁸ St Thomas’ Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
⁹ Falls and Syncope Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
¹⁰ Centre for Living, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
¹¹ Geriatric Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
¹² Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
¹³ Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
^* Corresponding author Email: s.e.lamb@exeter.ac.uk

Declared competing interests of authors: Julie Bruce is chief investigator or co-investigator on multiple current research grants from the UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR). Julie Bruce reports consultancy fees from Medtronic plc (Medtronic plc, Dublin, Ireland). Julie Bruce has received travel expenses for speaking at conferences from the professional organisations hosting the conferences. Julie Bruce is supported by NIHR Research Capability Funding via University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire. Martin Underwood was chairperson of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Accreditation Advisory Committee until March 2017, for which he received a fee. He is chief investigator or co-investigator on multiple previous and current research grants from NIHR and Arthritis Research UK and is a co-investigator on grants funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council. He is a NIHR senior investigator. He has received travel expenses for speaking at conferences from the professional organisations hosting the conferences. He is a director and shareholder of Clinvivo Ltd (Kent, UK), which provides electronic data collection for health services research. He is part of an academic partnership with Serco Ltd (Hart, UK), which is related to return-to-work initiatives. He is a co-investigator on a study receiving support in kind from Orthospace Ltd (Caesarea, Israel). He has accepted an honorarium from Carta (Palo Alto, CA, USA). He is co-investigator on two NIHR-funded research projects receiving additional support from Stryker Ltd (Kalamazoo, MI, USA). He has accepted an honorarium from the Confederation for Advanced Research Training in Africa (CARTA). He is an editor of the NIHR journal series and a member of the NIHR Journals Library Editorial Group (2016–20), for which he receives a fee. Chris Bojke was a member of the NIHR Health Services and Delivery Research (HSDR) Board (2018–present). Roberto Longo was a NIHR HSDR Associate Member (2017–18). Claire Hulme reports being a member of the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Commissioning Board (2013–17). Dawn A Skelton reports personal fees from Later Life Training Ltd (Killin, UK) during the conduct of the study. She is currently co-investigator on a NIHR HTA grant [ELECTRIC (ELECtric Tibial nerve stimulation to Reduce Incontinence in Care Homes), ongoing]. She has received grants from the NIHR Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care [PhISICAL (PHysical activity Implementation Study In Community-dwelling AduLts)], grants from the NIHR Public Health Research programme [REACT (REtirement into ACTION), ongoing; VIOLET (Visually Impaired OLder people’s Exercise programme for falls prevenTion), finished] and grants from the Medical Research Council/NIHR Methodology programme (finished) during the conduct of this study. Sarah E Lamb reports grants from the NIHR HTA programme during the conduct of the study, and was a member of the following: HTA Additional Capacity Funding Board (2012–15), HTA Clinical Trials Board (2010–15), HTA End of Life Care and Add-on Studies Board (2015), HTA Funding Boards Policy Group (formerly the Clinical Studies Group) (2010–15), HTA Post-Board Funding Teleconference (2010–15), HTA Maternal, Neonatal and Child Health Methods Group (2013–15), HTA Primary Care Themed Call Board (2013–14), HTA Prioritisation Group (2012–15) and the NIHR Clinical Trials Unit Standing Advisory Committee (2012–16).