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Sarah R Kingsbury, Lindsay K Smith, Carolyn J Czoski Murray, Rafael Pinedo-Villanueva, Andrew Judge, Robert West, Chris Smith, Judy M Wright, Nigel K Arden, Christine M Thomas, Spryos Kolovos, Farag Shuweihdi, Cesar Garriga, Byron KY Bitanihirwe, Kate Hill, Jamie Matu, Martin Stone & Philip G Conaghan.

Sarah R Kingsbury ^1,2, Lindsay K Smith ³, Carolyn J Czoski Murray ⁴, Rafael Pinedo-Villanueva ⁵, Andrew Judge ^6,7,8, Robert West ⁴, Chris Smith ⁴, Judy M Wright ⁴, Nigel K Arden ^5,6, Christine M Thomas ², Spryos Kolovos ⁵, Farag Shuweihdi ⁴, Cesar Garriga ⁵, Byron KY Bitanihirwe ⁴, Kate Hill ⁴, Jamie Matu ^1,4, Martin Stone ^2,9, Philip G Conaghan ^1,2,*

¹ Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
² NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
³ UK Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
⁴ Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
⁵ Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
⁶ MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
⁷ Pharmaco- and Device-Epidemiology Group, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
⁸ Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
⁹ Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
^* Corresponding author Email: p.conaghan@leeds.ac.uk

Declared competing interests of authors: Lindsay K Smith reports grants from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) (NIHR CAT CL-2013-04-005). Andrew Judge reports personal fees from Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer LLP (London, UK) and Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Hayward, CA, USA) and other from the NIHR Programme Grants for Applied Research programme, outside the submitted work. Robert West reports Health and Social Care Delivery Research (HSDR) Researcher Led Panel membership (2017–21), Public Health Research Funding Board membership (2011–17) and HSDR Funding Committee (Bevan) membership (2020–1). Chris Smith reports directorship of PrivacyForge Ltd (London, UK), which provides software products, consulting services and education and training services in the area of data privacy. Nigel K Arden reports grants from Merck & Co. Inc. (Kenilworth, NJ, USA) during the conduct of the study, and personal fees from Pfizer Inc. (New York, NY, USA), Eli Lilly and Company (Indianapolis, IN, USA) and Bristows LLP (London, UK).