{{author}}{{author}}{{($index > metadata.AuthorsAndEtalArray.length-1) ? ',' : '.'}}

Helen Rodgers, Helen Bosomworth, Hermano I Krebs, Frederike van Wijck, Denise Howel, Nina Wilson, Tracy Finch, Natasha Alvarado, Laura Ternent, Cristina Fernandez-Garcia, Lydia Aird, Sreeman Andole, David L Cohen, Jesse Dawson, Gary A Ford, Richard Francis, Steven Hogg, Niall Hughes, Christopher I Price, Duncan L Turner, Luke Vale, Scott Wilkes & Lisa Shaw.

Helen Rodgers ^1,2,3,*,†, Helen Bosomworth ^1,*,†, Hermano I Krebs ⁴, Frederike van Wijck ⁵, Denise Howel ⁶, Nina Wilson ⁶, Tracy Finch ⁷, Natasha Alvarado ⁸, Laura Ternent ⁶, Cristina Fernandez-Garcia ⁶, Lydia Aird ², Sreeman Andole ⁹, David L Cohen ¹⁰, Jesse Dawson ¹¹, Gary A Ford ^1,12,13, Richard Francis ¹, Steven Hogg ¹⁴, Niall Hughes ¹⁵, Christopher I Price ^1,2, Duncan L Turner ¹⁶, Luke Vale ⁶, Scott Wilkes ¹⁷, Lisa Shaw ¹

¹ Stroke Research Group, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
² Stroke Northumbria, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside, UK
³ Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
⁴ Mechanical Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
⁵ School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
⁶ Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
⁷ Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
⁸ School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
⁹ Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Romford, UK
¹⁰ London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
¹¹ Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
¹² Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
¹³ Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
¹⁴ Lay investigator (contact Stroke Research Group, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
¹⁵ NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
¹⁶ School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, London, UK
¹⁷ School of Medicine, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK
^* Corresponding author Emails: helen.rodgers@newcastle.ac.uk and helen.bosomworth@newcastle.ac.uk

^† Joint first authorship

Joint first authorship

Declared competing interests of authors: Helen Rodgers reports personal fees from Bayer AG (Leverkusen, Germany) outside the submitted work and was a member of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Clinical Evaluations and Trials (CET) panel (2010–14). Gary A Ford reports personal fees from Amgen Inc. (Thousand Oaks, CA, USA), Bayer AG, Stryker Corporation (Kalamazoo, MI, USA) and Pfizer Inc. (New York, NY, USA), and grants and personal fees from Medtronic plc (Dublin, Ireland), outside the submitted work. Hermano I Krebs reports other financial activity from Interactive Motion Technologies Inc. (Boston, MA, USA) and 4Motion Robotics (Waterton, MA, USA) outside the submitted work. In addition, he has a patent issued (Interactive Robotic Therapist; US Patent 5,466,213; 1995; Massachusetts Institute of Technology) and a patent (Wrist And Upper Extremity Motion; US Patent No. 7,618,381; 2009; Massachusetts Institute of Technology) licensed to Bionik Laboratories Corp. (Toronto, ON, Canada). Denise Howel reports membership of the NIHR Programme Grants for Applied Research Programme subcommittee (2016 to present), and was a member of the NIHR Health Services and Delivery Research Programme Commissioning Board (2012–15). Jesse Dawson reports other financial activity from MicroTransponder Inc. (Austin, TX, USA) outside the submitted work. Luke Vale was a member of the NIHR HTA CET panel (2015–18).