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Kathryn Skivington, Lynsay Matthews, Sharon Anne Simpson, Peter Craig, Janis Baird, Jane M Blazeby, Kathleen Anne Boyd, Neil Craig, David P French, Emma McIntosh, Mark Petticrew, Jo Rycroft-Malone, Martin White & Laurence Moore.

Kathryn Skivington ^1,*, Lynsay Matthews ¹, Sharon Anne Simpson ¹, Peter Craig ¹, Janis Baird ², Jane M Blazeby ³, Kathleen Anne Boyd ⁴, Neil Craig ⁵, David P French ⁶, Emma McIntosh ⁴, Mark Petticrew ⁷, Jo Rycroft-Malone ⁸, Martin White ⁹, Laurence Moore ^1,*

¹ Medical Research Council/Chief Scientist Office Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
² Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
³ Medical Research Council ConDuCT-II Hub for Trials Methodology Research and Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
⁴ Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
⁵ Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UK
⁶ Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
⁷ London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
⁸ Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
⁹ Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
^* Corresponding author Emails: Kathryn.skivington@glasgow.ac.uk and Laurence.moore@glasgow.ac.uk

Declared competing interests of authors: Additional time on the study was funded by grants from the Medical Research Council (MRC) for Kathryn Skivington (MC_UU_12017/11, MC_UU_00022/3), Lynsay Matthews, Sharon Anne Simpson, Laurence Moore (MC_UU_12017/14, MC_UU_00022/1), and Peter Craig (MC_UU_12017/15, MC_UU_00022/2). Additional time on the study was also funded by grants from the Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health Directorates for Kathryn Skivington (SPHSU11), Lynsay Matthews, Sharon Anne Simpson and Laurence Moore (SPHSU14), and Peter Craig (SPHSU13 and SPHSU15). Kathryn Skivington and Sharon Anne Simpson were also supported by a MRC Strategic Award (MC_PC_13027). Sharon Anne Simpson was a member of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Clinical Evaluation and Trials Programme Panel (November 2016 to November 2020) and the Chief Scientist Office Health Improvement, Protection and Services Committee (2018 to present) at the time of commissioning and during the project, and was a member of the NIHR Policy Research Programme during the latter parts of the project (November 2019 to present). Janis Baird is a member of the NIHR Public Health Research (PHR) Programme Funding Committee (May 2019 to present). She is also a core member (since 2016) and vice chairperson (since 2018) of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Public Health Advisory Committee C. Jane M Blazeby is a former member of the NIHR Clinical Trials Unit Standing Advisory Committee (2015–19). Jane M Blazeby is funded in part by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol. David P French is a former member of the NIHR PHR programme research funding board (2015–19) and a former member of the MRC–NIHR Methodology Research Panel (2014–18). David P French is funded in part by the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre (IS-BRC-1215-20007) and NIHR Applied Research Collaboration – Greater Manchester (NIHR200174). Emma McIntosh is a member of the NIHR PHR funding board panel. Jo Rycroft-Malone is programme director and chairperson of the NIHR’s Health Services Delivery Research programme (2014 to present) and is a member of the NIHR Strategy Board (2014 to present). Mark Petticrew is funded in part as director of the NIHR’s Public Health Policy Research Unit, and has funding as part of the MRC-funded TRIPLE C project (grant reference MR/S014632/1) and the NIHR School for Public Health Research at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. Martin White was funded in part as director of NIHR’s PHR programme (July 2014 to June 2020), which contributed funding to the project via the NIHR/MRC Methodology Research Programme. He is a member of the MRC’s Population Health Sciences Strategic Committee (July 2014 to June 2020). Laurence Moore was a member of the MRC–NIHR Methodology Research Programme Panel (2015–19) and MRC Population Health Sciences Group (2015–20) at the time of commissioning and early stages of the project.