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Caroline Free, Melissa J Palmer, Kimberley Potter, Ona L McCarthy, Lauren Jerome, Sima Berendes, Anasztazia Gubijev, Megan Knight, Zahra Jamal, Farandeep Dhaliwal, James R Carpenter, Tim P Morris, Phil Edwards, Rebecca French, Louis Macgregor, Katy ME Turner, Paula Baraitser, Ford CI Hickson, Kaye Wellings, Ian Roberts, Julia V Bailey, Graham Hart, Susan Michie, Tim Clayton & Karen Devries.

Caroline Free ^1,*, Melissa J Palmer ¹, Kimberley Potter ², Ona L McCarthy ¹, Lauren Jerome ², Sima Berendes ¹, Anasztazia Gubijev ¹, Megan Knight ², Zahra Jamal ², Farandeep Dhaliwal ², James R Carpenter ³, Tim P Morris ⁴, Phil Edwards ¹, Rebecca French ⁵, Louis Macgregor ⁶, Katy ME Turner ⁶, Paula Baraitser ⁷, Ford CI Hickson ⁸, Kaye Wellings ⁵, Ian Roberts ¹, Julia V Bailey ⁹, Graham Hart ¹⁰, Susan Michie ¹¹, Tim Clayton ³, Karen Devries ³

¹ Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
² Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
³ Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
⁴ Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, UK
⁵ Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
⁶ Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
⁷ Centre for Global Health, King’s College London, London, UK
⁸ Sigma Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
⁹ eHealth Unit, Research Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK
¹⁰ Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, UK
¹¹ Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness, University College London, London, UK
^* Corresponding author Email: caroline.free@lshtm.ac.uk

Disclosure of interests

Full disclosure of interests: Completed ICMJE forms for all authors, including all related interests, are available in the toolkit on the NIHR Journals Library report publication page at https://doi.org/10.3310/DANE8826.

Primary conflicts of interest: Caroline Free is a member of the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) General Committee (2019 to present). Ian Roberts is a member of Clinical Trials Units (CTUs) funded by NIHR. James R Carpenter has the following UK Medical Research Council (MRC) programme grants held at MRC CTU at University College London: MC_UU_12023/21 and MC_UU_12023/29. He also reports receiving book royalties from John Wiley & Sons (Hoboken, NJ, USA) and Springer (Berlin, Germany); payments from AstraZeneca plc (Cambridge, UK) and Novartis International AG (Basel, Switzerland) for consulting on missing data; payments from the Swiss Winter Epidemiology School for an annual short course; funding from the Australian region of the International Biometric Society to attend a conference in December 2019; and payment for membership of a Pfizer (New York, NY, USA) data monitoring committee (completed 2020). Paula Baraitser is the medical director of the not-for-profit online sexual health service SH:24 (London, UK).